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Abanomi, W M (2005) Environmental design of prototype school buildings in hot, arid regions with special reference to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Akhimien, N (2022) A framework for incorporating circular economy in the design of energy efficient residential buildings in Nigeria, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Algarni, S K (2022) Machine learning for improved detection and segmentation of building boundary, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Alhamami, A (2021) Standardized qualification framework for achieving energy efficiency training for BIM, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Alhumayani, H (2022) The feasibility of 3D printing technology as a new construction method for houses in Saudi Arabia, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Alreshidi, E (2015) Towards facilitating team collaboration during construction project via the development of cloud-based BIM governance solution, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Alyami, S (2015) The development of sustainable assessment method for Saudi Arabia built environment, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Barker, R (2006) Waste assessment and application of improvement techniques in UK private housebuilding supply chains, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University.
Boje, C P (2018) Knowledge representation, storage and retrieval for BIM supported building evacuation design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Cemesova, A (2013) Enhancing BIM-based data transfer to support the design of low energy buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Chen, K (2015) A strategic decision making framework for organisational BIM implementation, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Forman, T (2015) Practice, policy and professional roles: unintended consequences and performance gaps in UK domestic solid wall insulation retrofit projects, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Goonetillake, J F (2019) A framework for the integration of information requirements within infrastructure digital construction, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Gosling, J (2011) Flexibility strategies for engineer-to-order construction supply chains, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Business School, Cardiff University.
Gupta, A (2013) Developing a BIM-based methodology to support renewable energy assessment of buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Hashemi, A (2009) Construction technology transfer: an assessment of the relevance of modern methods of construction to housing shortages in Iran, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Hatem, W A H (2012) Comparing the effectiveness of face to face and computer mediated collaboration in design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Hou, S (2015) An ontology-based holistic approach for multi-objective sustainable structural design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Hussein, E S (2010) Green architecture as an approach for increasing energy efficiency in Egyptian buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Kasim, T (2015) BIM-based smart compliance checking to enhance environmental sustainability, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Khudhair, A (2022) Knowledge-based automatic OpenBIM data exchanging framework supporting holistic building design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Lai, J H (2005) Economic, management and contractual considerations in outsourcing operation and maintenance work for commercial buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Ley, J D (2004) An environmental and material flow analysis of the UK steel construction sector, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Li, Q (2009) Energy efficiency design of residential buildings in North China cities, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
- Type: Thesis
- Keywords: China; energy consumption; experment; housing; sustainability
- ISBN/ISSN:
- URL: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54484/
- Abstract:
With the rapid growth of housing development in China, energy inefficiency in domestic architectures is becoming a crucial problem for the nation's sustainable development. At present, the average energy consumption of housings in North China cities is three times that in developed countries. The energy conservation regulation introduced by the government requires 65% heating energy saving in dwellings compared with the 1980's standard. However most of the current buildings cannot meet that regulation the problem is mainly due to the lack of detailed technology and construction requirements, and difficulties in relation to enforcement. The main aim of this research is to investigate the potential of using environmental design strategies to increase the energy efficiency of residential architectures in North China cities while provide reasonable comfort conditions. Literature review, on-site observations, field experiments and computer simulation were used. The field experiments were conducted in five flats in Tianjin and Xi'an cities to assess their thermal performance. Thermal simulations by using the building energy model HTB2 were employed to analysis these designs, and what improvements can be reasonably achieved, in line with China's targets for reducing housing energy demand by adapting certain environmental design strategies. The findings of this work showed that with the adaptation of environmental design strategies, significant improvements of energy efficiency of residential buildings in North China cities can be achieved and considerable portion of energy can be saved. The most effective parameter in heating reduction is improve thermal insulation, having 50mm and 100mm polystyrene insulation achieved reductions of 26.5% and 38.8‰ respectively. Reduce the infiltration rate is the second most effective method, limit the air change rate to 0.5 ach reduced 21.6% of the heating demand from the existing condition. The parameters that reduce most cooling demand are having a reasonable window area and night time controlled ventilation the reduction rate is around 23% and 13% respectively. Moreover, combining appropriate design parameters will maximise their effectiveness in energy reduction. Having parameters including appropriate glazing ratio, improve insulation of the building envelope, reduce infiltration etc. will enable case studies to match the 65% saving regulations straightforward and the cooling load was also substantially reduced. Moreover, by following further modification suggestions, the energy reduction rate reached 90%. Considerable reduction in energy use and carbon emission can be achieved in North China cities and other places experiencing similar climates, by adapting the suggested design strategies. The findings of this research could help the decision-makers and architects to improve thermal performance and energy efficiency of both existing housings and future designs.
Lin, K-Y (2013) Investigating reducing building energy use at urban scale in Taipei, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Lloyd, E (2022) Aesthetic value in the built environment, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Maby, C M (2019) Enabling the integration of energy improvements into mainstream home repair, maintenance and improvement practice in the UK, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Mukhtar, N A (1997) Housing policy in Libya: study of public housing projects in Tripoli City, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of City and Regional Planning, Cardiff University.
Pahwa, J S (2009) MDSSF: a federated architecture for product procurement, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Computer Science & Informatics, Cardiff University.
Pooley, A C (2016) Typologies of transformation: learning, environmental responsibility and the UK construction industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Sassi, P (2009) Closed loop material cycle construction: defining and assessing closed loop material cycle construction as a component of a comprehensive approach to sustainable material design in the context of sustainable building, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.
Schoenwitz, M (2014) Aligning product and processes to customer needs in prefabricated house building, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Business School, Cardiff University.
Thomas, R H (2013) An innovative timber construction system: building affordable housing using homegrown Welsh softwood, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.
Uniacke, H (2001) Design of a low cost ventilated photovoltaic cladding, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University (United Kingdom).
Wang, B (2014) End user oriented BIM enabled multi-functional virtual environment supporting building emergency planning and evacuation, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.
Zhang, X (2018) Sustainable retrofitting of existing residential buildings at community scale in China, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.